End of Commitment Report – Community Based Participatory Waste Management

Name of Evaluator

Nurhidayah Layoo

Email

nhlayoo@gmail.com

Member Name

Banggai, Indonesia

Action PlanAction plans are at the core of a government’s participation in OGP. They are the product of a co-creation process in which government and civil society jointly develop commitments to open governmen... Title

Action plan – Banggai, Indonesia, 2021 – 2024

CommitmentOGP commitments are promises for reform co-created by governments and civil society and submitted as part of an action plan. Commitments typically include a description of the problem, concrete action...

Community Based Participatory Waste Management

Action

This commitment is an effort to alleviate poverty by empowering urban communities by increasing their participation in waste management and reducing waste generation through the application of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle in their respective neighborhoods at the RT/RW level and Kelurahan. This commitment aims to: Increase community participation in waste management by reducing waste generation by applying the principles of reducing, reusing, and recycling the waste in their respective environments. Encourage community empowerment efforts (especially the urban poor) to manage waste into something useful and valuable to meet basic needs, increase income, and participate in the development process. Create a residential area with a level of independent waste management for a healthy, clean, and comfortable environment. Manage household plastic waste with Ecobrick Innovation, using environmentally friendly plastic waste into valuable goods for the local community and ecosystem.

Problem

Garbage is a substance/material and objects originating from human activities that can cause health problems, and reduce environmental quality and environmental aesthetics. Plastic waste has not been appropriately managed, so it has a great potential to pollute the environment. One of the methods used to manage waste is the 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle) approach. It provides benefits for waste reduction, reduces transportation costs, extends the life of equipment and landfills, reduces water, soil, and air pollution, and produces compost/ economic value of recycled materials. The benefits are: a) Increase public awareness of cleanliness b) The environment becomes beautiful, green, and clean c) Strengthen the spirit of togetherness among citizens d) Adds the local economy’s value, and become a 3R tourist location.

1.1 What was the overall level of progress in the commitment implementation at the time of this assessment?

Limited

Provide a brief explanation of your answer:

1. In the first year of commitment (2021), 1 Main Waste Bank Unit (BSI) and 46 Waste Bank Units (BSU) were formed. However, at the end of the commitment (2024), it was found that all BSUs could not operate properly.,
2. Waste generation in Banggai Regency, especially in Luwuk City, has increased significantly after the Covid-19 Pandemic until 2024, because plastic waste that previously went to the BSU, now goes to the final waste disposal site (TPA), likewise, all organic waste goes to the TPA which should be able to be processed at the household level.
3. According to calculations by the Banggai Regency Environmental Service and the Central Sulawesi
   Province Cipta Karya, the capacity of Zone 1 TPA is estimated to be full in 2 years if there is no handling of the source.
4. More and more public attention or complaints regarding delays in waste collection are being conveyed via social media, mainstream media, and directly through officers.
5. The implementation of the principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle (3 R) in waste management by involving the community is not yet optimal. Meanwhile, the role of the Regional Government as a regulator, facilitator, and dynamic also needs to be improved.
6. At the end of the commitment year, the participation of the business world in the form of CSR for waste management with the 3R principle was quite good by building 2 waste bank units in Mulyoharjo Village, Moilong District and 1 3R house unit in Luwuk Subdistrict.
7. There is an innovation of Waste Reduction Using Maggots (PAPA MAMA) which is one of the solutions in building public awareness in managing organic waste while helping the community in improving the economy by cultivating maggots.

The conclusion is that the completionImplementers must follow through on their commitments for them to achieve impact. For each commitment, OGP’s Independent Reporting Mechanism (IRM) evaluates the degree to which the activities outlin... of the implementation of community-based waste management commitments is still limited.

1.2 Describe the main external or internal factors that impacted implementation of this commitment and how they were addressed (or not).

Internal Factors

1. Public participationGiving citizens opportunities to provide input into government decision-making leads to more effective governance, improved public service delivery, and more equitable outcomes. Technical specificatio... is currently decreasing drastically due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, so waste production is increasing.
2. Disruption of waste transportation operations due to waste transportation facilities being damaged, as many as 6 dump trucks out of a total of 17 units owned and 3 units ambroll collapsed, damaged out of a total of 6 units, only 5 units are still in good condition.
3. Limited maintenance costs, while transportation equipment quickly breaks down (especially the wheels) due to the very damaged condition of the road infrastructure to the TPA.
4. The capacity of the TPA, especially Zone 1, is limited because it uses a controlled landfill system, meaning that zones that are already full are filled first, only then can new zones be opened.
5. Actually, there is still sufficient land available to open Zone 2, but it requires budget allocation intervention from the Center (APBN) through the province to build infrastructure in Zone 2. The Environmental Service only manages the TPA, but infrastructure development is the authority of the PUPR agency.
6. Some people avoid paying garbage fees because they assume that no garbage is collected by officers or they feel that they do not throw garbage in the garbage bins provided.
7. Lack of socialization to the community regarding waste collection schedules.
8. Low public awareness and participation, the indicators are: when it rains a lot of garbage comes out of the drainage channels, meaning that some people still throw garbage in the drainage channels. In addition, some people throw garbage in the trash bins not according to the schedule provided by the officers.
9. BSU management is not optimal because the trust and participation of the community to collect waste and sell it to BSU is still lacking, difficulties in marketing processed waste products, and lack of funds as capital for activities. 10. Innovation and technology for waste management are still limited.

External Factors

Based on the evaluation of the Environmental Service, waste generation in Luwuk City has increased significantly due to 2 changes in Banggai Regency, which has become a challenge for the Environmental Service, namely:

1. Population growth in Luwuk City, both registered and unregistered,
2. Growth of the business world after COVID-19 19, for example, cafes, tourist attractions, etc.
3. Drastic decline in the price of waste.

The causal factors above have not been fully addressed by the government until now, but the government is open and provides 24-hour communication access to the public to submit suggestions and complaints through the waste section of the Banggai Regency Environmental Service.

1.3 Was the commitment implemented as originally planned?

Few of the commitment milestones were implemented as planned

Provide a brief explanation of your answer:

Milestone / Implementation Stage Development

• Following up on the commitment to Community-based Waste Management, a Regional RegulationGovernment reformers are developing regulations that enshrine values of transparency, participation, and accountability in government practices. Technical specifications: Act of creating or reforming ... on Waste Management has been issued which is in line with national policies and regional strategic policies.
• Following up on the Regional Regulation in point 1 and because Waste Management is categorized as a mandatory matter in the Strategic Plan document, a draft Regent Regulation (Ranperbup) was created regarding waste management permits and a draft Regent Regulation regarding reducing the use of single-use plastics.
• The Draft Ranperbup is awaiting improvements and harmonization from the Legal Section of the Banggai Regional Secretariat.
• Preparation of guidelines/technical instructions, waiting for the ratification of the Draft Ranperbup.
• Launching and socialization of community-based waste management program, waiting for the
  ratification of the Draft Ranperbup.
• Formation of Activity Implementation Group at the Program location, waiting for the Draft Ranperbup to be ratified.
• Guidance and training for officials, sub-districts, villages and sub-districts, and program recipients, waiting for the Draft Ranperbup to be ratified.

Program Implementation:

• The Regional Government held meetings with community leaders and representatives of non-
  governmental organizations to prepare regional planning through public consultation mechanisms, development deliberations, preparation, and socialization of the RPJMD, one of the agendas of which is community-based waste management.
• The Regional Government always responds positively to suggestions and input from the Community
• There is involvement of stakeholders, namely the Muhammadiyah University of Luwuk and the JOB Pertamina Medco E&P Tomori Sulawesi Company in the real action of 3R by building one unit of 3R housing as a development of one of the waste bank units in the city of Luwuk. The company also trains volunteers and local communities to carry out 3R actions.
• 3R socialization activities for housewives have been carried out several times.
• 3R practices in waste management in Banggai Regency have been implemented but have not been maximized, as evidenced by 90% of unit waste banks as the central point of 3R stopping operations, only 2 units are still operating
• The burden on the final waste processing site is increasing due to the increasing volume of waste, waiting for the realization of the budget from PUPR to build the infrastructure.

Provide evidence that supports and justifies your answer:

• Draft of the Regulation on Waste Management.
• Replication of Garbage Bank

2.1.1. – Did the government disclose more information; improve the quality of the information (new or existing); improve the value of the information; improve the channels to disclose or request information or improve accessibility to information?

Yes

Degree of result:

Substantial

Explanation: In narrative form, what has been the impact on people or practice.

1. In 2024, 73% of waste generation will be handled, or there will be a reduction of 27% in waste generation.
2. Until the end of the commitment period, only 3 sub-districts in the city (North Luwuk, Luwuk, South Luwuk) received government attention for community-based waste management, the same as at the beginning of the commitment, meaning there was no development to other sub-districts.
3. The addition of waste transportation facilities is only 2 units of dump trucks and 2 units of ambroll.
4. One car is available to pick up and drop off 160 street sweepers, picked up at 5 am and dropped off at 9.30 am. Street sweepers are divided into several lanes, now the burden of street sweepers is getting heavier because the trees are getting denser.
5. Having a total of 359 waste officers (including those on duty at the TPA, street sweepers, waste transporters from the source)
6. Having a main waste bank and 46 Waste Bank Units (BSU) in the city including in schools. Efforts are being made to revitalize BSU.
7. The Regent provides support by providing work clothes for waste officers so that they are safer and easier to recognize.
8. Attempt to restore the role or participation of the community by conducting socialization with stakeholders (sub-districts, villages, companies) about the role of the community in reducing waste generation, socialization materials including the making of eco-bricks.
9. The Banggai Regency Environmental Service strives to carry out maintenance on transportation facilities/equipment according to its capabilities.
10. Officers collect garbage twice a day
11. The government issues a circular to sub-districts and villages regarding the waste collection schedule, so that people can take out their household waste to the trash bin in front of their house according to the schedule so that it can be collected immediately, without any build up.
12. The Waste Division reports obstacles during the evaluation meeting to the Head of the Environmental Service, with the hope that they can be conveyed to the Regent for follow- up.
13. The government has provided a large area of land for the expansion of the Final Disposal Site (TPA) called Zone 2 so that when Zone 1 is full, zone 2 can be opened directly.
14. The government is quite open by increasing channels for expressing or requesting information.

2.1.2. – Did the government create new opportunities to seek feedback from citizens/enable participation inform or influence decisions; improve existing channels or spaces to seek feedback from citizens/enable participation/ inform or influence decisions; create or improve capabilities in the government or the public aimed to improve how the government seeks feedback from citizens/enables participation/ or allows for the public to inform or influence decisions?

Yes

Degree of result:

Unclear

Explanation: In narrative form, what has been the impact on people or practice.

The government has not optimally implemented its commitment to community-based waste management because it is not supported by regent regulations, limited budget support, and minimal public awareness.

2.1.3 Did the government create or improve channels, opportunities or capabilities to hold officials answerable to their actions?

Unclear

Degree of result:

Unclear

Explanation: In narrative form, what has been the impact on people or practice.

The government has not created enough or has not improved channels, opportunities or capabilities to demand accountability from related officials at various levels below it, such as related agencies, sub-district officials, village/ward officials, officials at the main waste bank and unit waste banks for their inactivity in supporting the commitment to community-based waste management.

2.1.4 Other Results

Not Applicable

2.2 Did the commitment address the public policy problem that it intended to address as described in the action plan?

Yes

Provide a brief explanation of your answer:

The government discussed public policy in the form of a draft regent’s regulation, but until the end of the commitment period, the draft regent’s regulation could not be implemented to support the implementation of the commitment because it had not been ratified.

3. Provide at least one lesson or reflection relating to the implementation of this commitment. It can be the identification of key barriers to implementation, an unexpected help/hindrance, recommendations for future commitments, or if the commitment should be taken forward to the next action plan.

Lessons or reflections related to the implementation of the commitment to community-based waste management are that it is not easy to implement a moral movement like this if the government is not all out, and if the community is not seriously moved and accompanied continuously for a period of at least 2 years to then become a habit. This commitment is so noble that it must be brought to the next action plan, why? because there are many multiplier effects from waste management including the social environment (community income, citizen happiness index, community health, community culture, community knowledge and skills), as well as the natural environment (cleanliness, beauty, natural balance, sanitation, clean water).